Exhaust Gas Recirculation
Reduces nitrogen oxide emissions
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EGR systems recirculate a portion of exhaust gases back into the intake to lower combustion temperatures and emissions.
Monocoque Chassis
Single-shell structural design
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Monocoque chassis integrates body and frame into one structure, reducing weight and improving rigidity.
Ladder Frame
Traditional frame-based design
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Ladder frames consist of two longitudinal rails connected by cross members, commonly used in trucks and SUVs.
Independent Suspension
Each wheel moves independently
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Independent suspension systems allow each wheel to react individually to road conditions, improving ride comfort.
MacPherson Strut
Compact front suspension design
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MacPherson struts combine shock absorbers and coil springs into a single unit, widely used in front suspensions.
Double Wishbone Suspension
Two arms for precise wheel control
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Double wishbone suspensions provide superior handling and stability by controlling camber and toe angles.
Air Suspension
Uses air springs for adjustable ride height
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Air suspension systems replace traditional springs with air-filled bags, allowing variable ride height and comfort.
Internal Combustion Engine
Engine that burns fuel internally
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An internal combustion engine converts chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy through combustion inside cylinders.
Adaptive Suspension
Electronically controlled damping
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Adaptive suspension adjusts shock absorber stiffness in real time based on driving conditions for optimal comfort.
